The course on "Elements of Taxation" provides a comprehensive overview of the field of taxation, beginning with the definition and objectives of taxation, and tracing the historical development of tax systems. It covers various types of taxes such as income, sales, and property taxes, and explores key taxation principles like equity, efficiency, and simplicity. The course delves into different taxation systems, including progressive, regressive, and proportional taxes, and examines how these systems function across various countries. Students will learn about the components of taxable income, the distinctions between individual and business taxation, and the role of deductions, exemptions, and credits. The course also addresses sales and consumption taxes, property and wealth taxes, and the complexities of international taxation, including issues like double taxation and tax treaties. Additionally, it covers tax policy, administration, compliance, and enforcement strategies, along with ethical and social considerations in tax planning and compliance, emphasizing corporate social responsibility and tax transparency.
