This course is an introduction to the theory, methods and practice of the taxonomy and classification of flowering plants, focusing on the plants found in Rwanda. Following the introduction to plant vegetative and floral structures, Different groups (clades) well presented in Rwanda will be studied in detail. Classification, evolutionary history, botanical nomenclature, collecting and preserving plants, and traditional uses of plants by Indigenous peoples are discussed. This year (2021), because of no access to the herbarium plant specimens and our frozen specimens, We will also survey important tropical plant families and their typical species.